In Australia, a fiscal year is commonly called a "financial year" (FY). It starts on 1 July and ends on the next 30 June.
By 14 July each year, your employer needs to give you a Payment Summary for the financial year that has just ended.
Your Payment Summary will show the amount you earned, and the amount of tax paid from your pay to the ATO by your employer.
31 October is the deadline to lodge your own ‘tax return’.
Extensions can apply if you use a tax agent or accountant.